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What should be monitored before using pesticides according to IPM principles?

  1. The local weather conditions

  2. The number of non-target organisms

  3. The presence of pests according to established guidelines

  4. The growth stage of crops

The correct answer is: The presence of pests according to established guidelines

Monitoring the presence of pests according to established guidelines is essential within Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles. This practice allows for a systematic approach to pest control by ensuring that decisions are based on scientific evidence rather than assumptions. By identifying pest populations accurately, growers can determine when the pest density reaches a threshold that necessitates intervention. This reduces unnecessary pesticide applications and helps in making informed decisions that align with sustainable practices. Key to IPM, the monitoring of pest presence allows for an assessment of potential damage and the timing of pest activity, which are crucial for effective pest management. This approach fosters a more environmentally friendly method of managing pests while maintaining crop health and yields.